Becoming a lawful permanent resident, or green card holder, comes with a lot of responsibilities and privileges. The benefits of holding a green card in the United States are significant. It means more than just the ability to live and work here. It grants you certain rights, many of which may make a difference in your daily life. However, not everyone is clear about what those rights entail or how to exercise them.
The Right to Live in the United States
First and foremost, having a green card means you have the right to live permanently in the United States. This doesn’t mean you can’t travel abroad, but it does mean that the U.S. is considered your primary home. You can move from state to state without restriction. No need to worry about visas for domestic relocation.
That said, green card holders should be cautious when leaving the country. If you’re away for too long, it may raise questions about your residency. If your trip exceeds six months, immigration authorities may want to know why you were away for so long. Staying outside the country for a year or more can put your permanent residency at risk. If you plan to travel for an extended time, look into getting a re-entry permit to avoid complications.
The Right to Work Anywhere in the U.S.
Green card holders can work for almost any employer in the United States. You’re not limited to a specific type of job or industry. You can choose to work in any profession, start your own business, or be self-employed. You don’t need a special visa to change employers, and your work authorization doesn’t have an expiration date.
However, there are a few exceptions. Some federal jobs, especially those that require security clearances, are reserved for U.S. citizens. But in most cases, green card holders have a wide range of employment opportunities. If you’re unsure about eligibility for a specific position, check the job requirements. Also, remember that employers cannot discriminate against you based on your immigration status as long as you are authorized to work.
The Right to Be Protected by U.S. Laws
Green card holders are entitled to the same protections under U.S. law as citizens. This includes constitutional rights like freedom of speech and the right to due process. If you face legal trouble, you have the right to a fair trial and legal representation. The U.S. legal system applies to you just as it does to every resident of the country.
Additionally, if you are a victim of a crime, you can seek the protection of the police and the courts. You don’t need to fear contacting authorities if you need assistance. The law doesn’t distinguish between citizens and green card holders when it comes to basic rights and protections.
The Right to Apply for Public Benefits
While green card holders have access to some public benefits, eligibility often depends on how long you have held your green card. You may qualify for social security benefits, unemployment insurance, and workers’ compensation if you meet the criteria. Access to programs like Medicaid and food assistance may have additional requirements based on your residency duration.
It’s essential to know that using public benefits doesn’t necessarily impact your status. However, immigration laws around this can be complicated. If you are worried about how public assistance might affect future citizenship or re-entry into the U.S., seek advice from an immigration lawyer.
The Right to Sponsor Family Members
Green card holders can sponsor certain family members for permanent residency. While the process is more limited compared to U.S. citizens, it still provides a way to bring loved ones to the United States. You can petition for your spouse and unmarried children. The waiting period for their green card may vary based on visa availability and country of origin.
If you plan to sponsor a family member, it’s wise to familiarize yourself with the process. It can take time and require plenty of paperwork. Understanding how family-based immigration works will make the journey smoother for both you and your relatives.
The Right to Apply for U.S. Citizenship
One of the most significant benefits of being a green card holder is the opportunity to become a U.S. citizen. After holding your green card for five years—or three years if you are married to a U.S. citizen—you can apply for naturalization. This process involves background checks, an interview, and a citizenship test.
Choosing to become a citizen has its advantages. You gain the right to vote, travel with a U.S. passport, and sponsor more family members for permanent residency. Plus, you won’t have to worry about the risk of losing your status. Becoming a U.S. citizen is a major commitment, but it’s the final step for many green card holders who want to fully embrace life in the United States.
The Right to Be Informed About Changes in Immigration Laws
Immigration laws can change, and green card holders should stay informed about how these changes might impact them. Whether it’s a new travel restriction, an update to public charge rules, or policy shifts, staying in the know is crucial. Sometimes, changes can be sudden and have significant consequences.
Subscribe to newsletters from trusted immigration resources, or consult your lawyer for updates. Being proactive helps you make informed decisions about travel, work, and your long-term plans.
Responsibilities You Shouldn’t Overlook
While green card holders have several rights, there are also responsibilities. You must file U.S. tax returns, register for Selective Service if you are a male between 18 and 25, and follow all laws. Failing to comply with these requirements can jeopardize your status. Additionally, even minor offenses can sometimes result in deportation or denial of citizenship. It’s essential to understand that your rights come with obligations, and following the rules helps ensure your stay remains smooth.
Reach Out to Us Today for Guidance and Support
Understanding your rights is essential, but knowing when to seek assistance is equally important. If you encounter legal challenges or have questions about your status, consulting with an experienced immigration attorney can make all the difference. Whether you’re planning travel, sponsoring a family member, or navigating concerns about public benefits, Saavedra & Perez Law can guide you through the process. If ever in doubt, don’t hesitate to reach out to us for professional advice and support.